You have the right to have an attorney present when DCF comes
to your home. Our office will attend home visits with DCF, and
will ensure that your rights are protected.
At present, a DCF investigation begins when DCF gets a
"referral" of possible child abuse or neglect. Most
referrals come from four sources: public schools;
neighbors; police; hospital emergency rooms. Of course,
referrals may come from other sources also. Sometimes
referrals are made in bad faith from a person who has a grudge
against you. These are frustrating, but it is usually
impossible to find out who made a referral if the caller wishes
to remain anonymous.
As always, when DCF calls you, you should call us. See What To Do When DCF Calls.
The DCF "call" itself takes many forms. Sometimes you get a letter. Sometimes you get a card on your front door. Sometimes DCF just shows up at your house and implies that if you do not let them in, they will seize the child. In some cases, a DCF worker gets a police officer to stand at the door, for the purpose of intimidating you. [DCF manages this by convincing the officer that you are dangerous, and that the investigator needs the officer for protection].
Worse, DCF sometimes shows up at the school and speaks to the child directly. DCF is not allowed to do this except in emergency situations, but they do it anyway. See When DCF Talks to Your Kid Secretly. We are working to get the law changed to disallow this, but as of this writing, it is a common practice. See Three Frightening Situations.
As always, the worst thing that you can do is speak to DCF without a lawyer present, or to sign anything without a lawyer reviewing it first. The most human tendency in the world is to angrily try to defend yourself. This almost always makes it worse. DCF knows exactly how to trap inexperienced persons into making damaging statements; and these are used against you for years to come.
Call a lawyer immediately.
And please:
Do not panic.
Do not take legal advice from friends, doctors, teachers, social workers or other well-wishers. They may mean well, but they are generally over their heads.
Remember that a DCF
investigation is not like a police investigation on "Law and
Order." DCF presumes that you are guilty, and does not go
away and find "another suspect." The rules are totally different
from criminal law.
DCF has thirty days to conduct its investigation. At the end
of the thirty day period, DCF must make a determination of
whether abuse or neglect has occurred. If DCF determines that
there is reasonable cause to believe that abuse or neglect has
occurred, they will "substantiate" you. If you are
substantiated and meet certain other criteria, DCF may also
recommend you for placement on their Central Registry.
Once the investigation is completed and a decision has been made
on substantiation, DCF can either close its case with your
family or keep it open to provide services.
In some cases, DCF may also file a petition against you in the
Juvenile Court.
IF YOU DEAL WITH DCF WITHOUT A LAWYER, you are up against the
entire State of Connecticut on your own. The odds are not
good.
SDM: A Study in Disappearing Ink
There have always been, and always will be, complaints about DCF
investigations. Some investigators are too harsh, while others
are easy-going and polite; some investigators automatically
disbelieve you if you have had prior DCF problems; some
investigators are prejudiced toward certain ethnic groups; some
investigators let their pet peeves get in the way of their
professional judgment; etc.
Complaints like this are to be expected. It is impossible to say
in advance which ones are valid. But DCF, ever sensitive to
criticism, believed it had a solution.
In 2006, I was told that DCF had revolutionized itself. A new
tool called Structured Decision Making, or SDM, was coming into
use in all DCF offices. Its purpose was to help the investigator
make better-informed decisions, and get kids returned to parents
as quickly as possible. No more months of waiting if it could be
avoided.
The hype would have done justice to Madison Avenue. SDM turns
out to be nothing more than a risk assessment screening
checklist developed by a firm called CRC, or The Children’s
Research Center, out of Madison, Wisconsin. CRC sells its
checklist as an “actuarial tool” that can “estimate the
likelihood of subsequent child maltreatment.” Its web site touts
SDM, and claims all sorts of validating studies.
SDM is in effect a profiling tool, not a sophisticated
psychological test. It can provide guidance to properly-trained
persons in close cases. DCF simply bought it, and handed it out
to the field with lots of fanfare but little or no training.
Using SDM, the investigator answers certain questions that have
scored values. Depending upon the final score, you have a risk
level, for future abuse or neglect of a child, of one of the
following: high, moderate, low, or very low.
Of course, the form contains “policy overrides” and
“discretionary overrides.” In other words, a supervisor can
override the risk level if he or she isn’t happy with the
result.
The predictable outcome? Future risk of abuse or neglect of a
child plays a small part in DCF’s deciding whether or not to
return the child promptly. If DCF decides not to do so, and the
SDM score is too low, an override is applied to increase it. SDM,
being an internal management tool, is not subject to court
scrutiny.
I mention SDM to show that DCF, like other organizations, has a
penchant for the quick fix, without regard to tax dollars.
Someone probably did think that SDM would make life easier for
social workers, or make things fairer for the families. It could
have, but no one field-tested it or gave it any serious thought
for the real world. SDM, a decent tool, started no revolution.
Quick fixes are a part of American life. The School Board in my
home town bought a tool called “Data Driven Decision Making.” I
asked how they made decisions before that, and got no response.
Nearly 40 years ago, the company I worked for bought a quick-fix
tool called “Zero Defects.” Every employee had to sign a pledge
that he or she would “do it right the first time.” And this
company was a nationally-known financial institution with
foreign subsidiaries. Of course, the only one who got it right
from the start was the vendor, who made a quick buck.
There is
no getting around it. DCF investigations are subjective things,
and always will be. That is quite proper, and is all the more
reason that you need a lawyer from the start.